Terminology of professional audio evaluation of playing audio (Part 1)
1. Sound width: The frequency bandwidth is really small, linear, long dynamic range, and the distribution is relatively uniform, the energy in the middle and low frequency bands is more prominent, the proportion of reverberation sound is appropriate, and the sound range is wide and comfortable.
2. Narrow sound (narrow): lack of high and low ends, not wide frequency band, short reverberation, excessively high mid-frequency, such as using multi-frequency tone compensator to increase too much at 800 Hz, you feel the sound is narrow, high tone lacks level Bass fullness is poor. Narrow is the antisense of wide voice.
3. The sound is loud (bright): sometimes called brightness or brightness in the evaluation. The bass and midrange are moderate in the entire sound range, the treble energy is sufficient, and there is a rich harmonic and harmonious slow decay process. At the same time, the reverberation ratio is appropriate, the distortion is small, and the transient response is good. Brightness is a prerequisite for improving clarity and intelligibility. The brightness is good. Listening will give people a kind and lively feeling. It sounds effortless and the tone is bright and prominent.
4. The sound is dark: this is a reaction lacking high frequency and mid-frequency, especially in 5000-6000 Hz, there is a significant decline, the sound conditions of the recording studio or listening room are poor, and the mid- and high-frequency reverberation time is short. I feel dull and dull. Darkness is the antithesis of light.
5. Thick timbre: thick and powerful sound, full bass, no shortage of treble, a certain brightness, strong energy at low and mid-low frequencies, especially the 200-500 Hz sound comes out, mixing four, low frequency reverberation is not Missing is really small. The peak amplitude modulation of the volume meter during recording and playback is not necessarily very high, but the loudness is relatively large. If combined with the requirements of the pictures in movies and televisions, properly handling the microphones closer can give people a thick feeling of close-range sound. Some units that are thick are called "thick".
6. Thin sound: thin timbre, lack of strength, poor resonance, less reverberation, low average energy level of sound energy, lack of low frequency and intermediate frequency, the entire frequency response is less than 300-500 Hz attenuation, there will be a thin feeling . Some units are called "single" and are thick antonyms.
7. The sound has a round (rounded) frequency band, pure sound quality, minimal distortion, a certain degree of strength and brightness, low bass, no midrange, no high pitch, no hair, good transient response, the ratio of reverberation to direct sound, The reverberation characteristics and time are more appropriate, and the auditory feeling is: fullness, brightness, clarity, and high fax.
8. Flat sound: round and flat is a commonly used evaluation term in the music sector. It means narrow frequency band, thin sound, impure sound quality, large distortion, or insufficient reverberation and poor fullness. For example, the phase between multi-microphone and multi-channel recording including the sound field of the studio is very important. The phase is not correct, the timbre is flat and narrow, the bass is lacking, the distortion is large, and the fullness is poor. Flat is the antisense of a circle, and some units are called "deflated".
9. Sound is soft: There are two concepts, one is poor evaluation, which refers to the lack of mid-to-high treble, the main sound is not prominent enough, the sound is not strong, and the other is a good evaluation, such as some electro-acoustic workers in the south called "nuo" or "Soft cooked" refers to low distortion, good damping, wide frequency response in low frequency bands, loose sound, low and medium frequency to low frequency, moderate reverberation, and soft and comfortable hearing.
10. The sound is hard: the bass is lacking, the mid-to-high frequency is too much, and the harmonic decay at the high frequency is too short and too fast, the low-frequency reverberation is short, there is obvious intermodulation distortion, the transient response is not good, the damping is poor, in the electro-acoustic system or recording and playback There will be a little overload during the sound process or the amplitude is too high when recording the program, it will produce a hard feeling. Hard, some dramas and musicians in the South are also called "terriers", which is a soft antithesis.
11. The sound has moisture (or oily water): the distortion is very small, the frequency response is wide and uniform, the sound comes out, there is a certain loudness and brightness, the ratio of reverberation and direct sound is appropriate, especially the middle and high frequency reverberation is sufficient , It feels dry, mellow, and hydrated.
12. Dry sound: mainly due to poor sound conditions in the recording studio and listening room, poor diffusion, and short reverberation time, especially due to the lack of mid-to-high frequency reverberation sound, it sounds dry and laborious. In order to improve the sound quality, some irregular arc diffusers are often added in the recording studio to increase the reflected sound, or artificial reverberators are used.
13. Transparency of sound (transparency): very little distortion, good transient response, wide and uniform frequency response, medium and high frequencies and high frequencies, suitable reverberation sound, especially sufficient middle and high frequency reverberation, low bass, no With a certain intensity, the sound is clear and bright, with a good sense of layering and clear tone.
14. Sound paste: that is ambiguous, the sound is mixed into a piece, which means too much bass, low frequency reverberation time is too long, lack of high and middle frequencies, there is intermodulation distortion, or the sound seems to be covered with a layer of veil, acoustically Feel the brightness, the clarity is poor, the level is unclear.
15. The sound is solid: the average energy level of the mid-low frequency sound is large, the high-frequency and middle-high frequency are not lacking, the direct sound ratio is strong, the reverberation is moderate, the sound is thick, bright, low distortion, and the loudness is high. For example, in the commentary in a movie news film, if the microphone is closer to the sound source, the main voice will stand out and the sound will be firm.
16. The sound is empty: the reverberation is too large, the proportion of the direct sound is too small, the direction of the microphone is not aligned with the sound source, the microphone is too far away from the sound source, or in the occasion of large reverberation, the sound source is received with a non-directional microphone, you will feel The sound is empty, the intelligibility is poor, the main sound is not prominent, and the orientation of the sound source may even be unclear.
17. Sound swing: There are also two concepts for this term. One is good evaluation. There is no shortage of midrange and treble, rich and good bass, low frequency band frequency response is widened, and there is enough energy, the sound is slack and elastic, especially reverb. The low-frequency reverberation is slightly larger and the distortion is small. If the multi-frequency tone compensator is boosted by 4-6 decibels at 80-150 Hz, you will obviously feel the fullness of the bass. The second is poor evaluation. If the bass is exaggerated excessively, the sound is out of balance, or the sound source itself lacks low frequency, and the low frequency resonance peak of the speaker (box) causes resonance, or damping, and the transient response is not good, it will produce a kind of The additional "bass" feels dull in hearing and lacks brightness and layering. This is a kind of distortion and is not a high-fidelity sound quality.
18. Sound wood: There are many bass or mid-bass, poor sound diffusion, short reverberation, it seems that the sound is inactive, dull, mid-high frequency and high frequency are lacking, wood is the antisense of sound swing.
19. The sound is soft (or loose): the low and middle and low frequencies have sufficient energy, the sound is thick, slack, not tight, the loudness is appropriate, the reverb sound is slightly larger, the distortion is small, the transient response is good, the medium and high frequency, the high frequency is moderate, in the main In the frequency band, the frequency response is relatively uniform and has a certain brightness. It sounds effortless and the tone is full and soft.
20. The sound is sharp: the frequency response is unevenly distributed, lacking bass, mid-to-high frequencies, especially too many high-frequency components, with large distortion and harsh ears.
21. Coarse sound: The low-frequency sound energy density is relatively large, the middle and high frequencies are relatively less, the timbre is rough, the intensity is greater, and the brightness and reverberation are poor.
22. Fine sound: The sound energy density is small, the loudness is not enough, the sound is slender and weak, lack of low frequency, partial mid-high frequency and high frequency, and the reverberation sound is insufficient. For example, some sound sources themselves have a fine pronunciation and lack of resonance. It's a rough antisense.
23. Sound bomb: sometimes called "sha" in the south, the sound energy density is large, the bass is suitable, the midrange is sufficient, there is a certain loudness, the distortion is small, the dynamic is large, and the frequency response is wide, such as the multi-microphone close-range processing and artificial As long as the reverb is matched with an appropriate amount, the focus is real, the sound is sent out, and there is patience.
24. Sound shrinkage: The sound energy density is small, the sound cannot be sent out, the lack of intermediate frequency, the reverberation sound is low, the loudness is low, and the distortion is large. For example, in some theaters with poor acoustic conditions, the reverberation is short, the diffusion is not good, the actors speak loudly, and the sound still cannot come out. I always feel that the sound source is far away, the clarity is poor, and the timbre is not full.
25. The sound is clear: the frequency response is wide and uniform, especially in the middle and high frequencies, the sound is bright, and the reverberation is suitable. Especially using the near-order reflected sound within 50ms can increase the loudness and improve the clarity, the distortion is small, and the transient response it is good. Long reverberation, low sound level, high noise, and poor acoustic characteristics in the recording or listening area will affect the clarity.
26. The low frequency and mid-low frequency reverberation is too large or too much energy, the direct sound ratio is small, the main melody is not prominent enough, the lack of mid-high frequency, the brightness is poor, the harmonic distortion or the intermodulation distortion is large, the transient response is not good, it will give people A feeling of muddy voice, poor clarity, and unclear layers. The serial numbers 27-30, 31-33, 34-35, 36-38, and 39-41 are several groups of basic similar terms with similar meanings, but with different degrees of evaluation terms.
27. Voice hairiness: too much high-frequency and middle-high frequency, large distortion, instantaneous overload phenomenon, poor damping, parasitic oscillation of square wave, high-frequency additional sound on the hearing, rough and unclean sound.
28. The sound is sandy: the distortion in the passband is large, there are additional higher harmonics, and it is accompanied by transient distortion, and there is overload distortion in electroacoustic devices and audio equipment, such as the leakage of the cross-link capacitor in the tube amplifier The static current in the transistor amplifier is too low, the voice coil of the speaker is scattered or touched, and the actor's voice is not good, it may produce a hoarse feeling.
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